Ante- Vs Anti-

'Ante-' means 'before'. The opposite is 'post-'. 

Antenatal (= before birth)     =/=     Postnatal (= after birth)

\Anti-' means 'against'. The opposite is 'pro'. 

Anti-fascist     =/=     pro-fascist

 

All: Details

The exact rules for the use of 'All' are quite complicated: 

1. All (of) before nouns and pronouns 

In general, 'all' and 'all of' are both possible before a noun, and before 'this' and 'that'. However, if the noun is used alone (without an article, possessive, or other 'determiner'), 'all of' is not usually possible. Compare the following: 

All (of) my friends like riding. 

I've read all (of) the books you lent me. 

I stopped believing in all (of) that years ago. 

All children can be naughty sometimes (Not: All of children...). 

All whisky is expensive (Not: All of whisky...). 

On the other hand, before a personal pronoun only 'all of' is possible; it is used with object pronouns (us, you, them). 

All of them enjoyed the party (Not: All them... or All they...). 

All of you are wrong (Not: All you...). 

They invited all of us (Not: ...all us). 

2. 'All' after nouns and pronouns 

'All' can go after the subject of the sentence. Note that it does not always immediately follow the subject in this case. The exact position is the same as the position of mid-position adverbs: that is to say, (i) before a simple one-word verb; (ii) if there are auxiliary verbs, after the first auxiliary; (iii) after the verb 'be'. 

My friends all like riding. 

They would all have been invited if there had been room (Not: They all would have been invited...). 

We are all tired (Not: We all are tired). 

'All' can also go after a direct or indirect object, but only if this is a personal pronoun (us, you, etc). 

I've eaten them all (Not: I've eaten the cakes all). 

Love you all (Not: Love to the family all). 

I sent them all presents. 

Note that 'all' cannot be used after a subject complement: you can say I've finished it all but not 'This is it all'. 

3. 'All' as subject, object or complement 

'All' can be used as the subject, object or complement of a sentence. In modern English, this is only common when 'all' is followed by a relative clause. Note the two possible meanings of 'all' in this case: 'everything' and 'the only thing(s)'. 

All that I own is yours.     All I want is a room somewhere. 

I'll give you all you want.     This all I've got. 

'All' is not often used to mean 'everybody', except in a very formal style. Instead of 'All who want tickets should go to the office', we would probably say 'All those who want tickets...' or 'All the people who want tickets...' 

In older English, 'all' could be used alone, without a relative clause, to mean 'everything' or 'everybody' (e.g. Tell me all. All is lost. All are dead). This is unusual in modern English, except in dramatic contexts like newspaper headlines (e.g. SPY TELLS ALL), and in the expression 'all about' (e.g. I know all about you. Let's forget all about it). 

4. It is not very common to use 'all' as the subject of a negative verb (e.g. All English people don't like fish and chips). Instead of this, we more often use 'not all' as the subject. 

Not all birds can fly. 

No birds can play chess. 

5. It is sometimes possible to leave out an article after 'all' (e.g. all day, all three brothers). 

All: Introduction

Typical mistakes: 

All of children can be naughty sometimes. 

All you are wrong. We all are tired. 

'All' can be used in several different ways. 

1. It often goes together with a noun or pronoun: different positions are possible. 

a. All (sometimes followed by 'of') can go before a noun or pronoun. 

All (of) my friends like riding. 

All children can be naughty sometimes. 

I hate all of you. 

b.  All can go after a noun or pronoun. 

We all like your cooking. 

The teachers all went on strike. 

Love to you all. 

2. 'All' also can be used as the subject, object or complement of a sentence. 

All I want is a room somewhere. 

I've told you all I know. 

After all

Typical mistake: 

We had a nice party with drinks and dancing; the, after all, we went home. 

'After all' does not mean 'finally'. 

... then, finally, we went home (Or: ... when everything was over, we went home). 

'After all' has two meanings: 

1. 'In spite of what was said before' or 'contrary to what was expected'. 

I'm sorry I can't come after all. 

I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all. 

With this meaning, after all usually comes at the end of a clause. 

2. 'We mustn't forget that...' This is used to introduce an important argument of a good reason, which the person who is listening seems to have forgotten. 

I think we should let Linsay go camping with her boyfriend. 

After all, she's a big girl now. 

It's not surprising you're tired. After all, you were up until three last night!

Used like this, after all usually goes at the beginning of a clause. 

After

1. Typical mistake: 

I'll phone you after I shall arrive (Or: ...after I shall have arrived). 

After cannot be followed by a future tense. Instead, we use a present tense to express a future meaning. 

I'll phone you after I arrive (Or: ...after I have arrived). 

The same is true of before, until, as soon as, when (in some cases), and if (in some cases). More later...

 2. Typical mistake: 

I'm going to do my exams, and after, I'm going to study medicine. 

After is not usually used as an adverb. Instead, we use afterward, or (and) then, or (and) after that. 

I'm going to do my exams, and then I'm going to study medicine. 

3. Typical mistake: 

After the timetable, the train gets in at half past eight. 

We do not use after to explain what somebody said, or what we have read. Instead, we use according to. 

According to the timetable, the train gets in at half past eight.